Colorectal cancer is increasing among younger adults, with early symptoms often overlooked, according to a March 16 report. Warning signs include changes in bowel habits, abdominal pain, or rectal bleeding, and medical professionals recommend that anyone experiencing ongoing symptoms consult their health care provider.
The issue has gained attention following the recent death of James Van Der Beek at age 48. Van Der Beek had publicly discussed his diagnosis in 2024 and was among a growing number of younger individuals facing colorectal cancer. Historically more common in older adults, colon and rectal cancers have seen declining rates in those over 65 due to widespread colonoscopy screenings. However, new data from the American Cancer Society show an increase in cases among people under 50.
According to these findings, colorectal cancer is now the leading cause of cancer deaths for Americans under age 50 and remains the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths overall. Nearly half of new cases are diagnosed in people aged 64 or younger. While cases and deaths have declined by about 2.5% annually among those over 65 between 2013 and 2022, they have risen by approximately 3% each year for adults aged 20 to 49 during the same period.
Dr. Robert Hoyer of UCHealth Memorial Hospital Central said, “The overall incidence of colorectal cancer is going down. However, among individuals below the age of 50, the incidence of colorectal cancer is going up.” He explained that most colorectal cancers begin as polyps in the digestive system: “Colon and rectal cancers will start as a polyp. Screenings help identify these polyps and remove them with colonoscopy, which prevents the development of cancer.”
Hoyer emphasized that early detection greatly improves survival rates: “When these polyps are identified early, the survival rate for early-stage colon cancer is extremely high; it exceeds 90-to-95%.” He advised patients to be aware of symptoms such as blood in stool or persistent abdominal issues: “The biggest warning signs can be changes in bowel habits and blood in the stool. If you’re having those symptoms, it’s important to talk with your doctor.”
Screening recommendations now advise regular testing starting at age 45 or earlier for those with family history. Colonoscopy remains the gold standard because it allows doctors to remove polyps during the procedure; negative results can provide protection for up to ten years. Stool-based tests are also available but require more frequent use and follow-up colonoscopies if results are abnormal.
Lifestyle factors play a significant role in risk levels. Hoyer said unhealthy diets high in processed foods and red meat—as well as smoking and excessive alcohol consumption—are linked to increased risk: “We believe the increased rates of colorectal cancer in younger individuals are probably related to lifestyle changes, for example, changes in diet that impact the gut microbiome.” He recommends diets rich in fruits and vegetables while reducing red meat intake.
To improve access to screening for uninsured or underinsured residents—including those living remotely—the University of Colorado Anschutz Cancer Center offers free FIT kits through its Office of Community Outreach and Engagement. Eligible individuals can request a kit online or by phone; positive results qualify recipients for no-cost colonoscopies funded by the Colon Cancer Coalition.
As awareness grows about rising risks among young adults, experts continue urging vigilance regarding symptoms and adherence to recommended screening schedules.
